Internet Protocol Address (IP Address) Explained
IP-ADDRESS
is a logical address or software address which mentions the network & host
in Hierarchical manner. It is a 32 bit address in 4 Octet Eight.
There are
two types of IP Addresses
- Public IP Address
- Private IP Address
e.g. 1st
Octet 2nd
3rd
4th
11111111 . 11111111 .
11111111 .11111111 = 32 bit
(eight)
(eight)
(8)
(eight)
10 0 0 5
Net
ID Host ID
CLASSES OF IP- ADDRESS
The
classes of IP Addresses have 5 types of classes they are
CLASS RANGE
A
1-126 ( 127- loopback address (or) Self Pinging
Address) To check the connectivity of LAN
B
128-191
C
192-223
D
(Multicasting) 224-239
E ( Defense &
Research) 240-255
Small
concept:
1
1
1
1
1 1
1 1
128 64
32 16
8
4
2 1
e.g. 255
255 255
-128 -64 -32
127 191
223
ISP- INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER
(PUBLIC ADDRESS FOR WAN)
From ISP only we get
IP-ADDRESS
PRIVATE IP – ADDRESS
CLASS A :- 10.0.0.0 to 10.0.0.255
10.0.0.0 for 1 N/W Max IP-Addresses possible in Class A - 2536*256*256 =
1,67,77,216
CLASS B:-172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
[ Private N/W = 16] Max IP-Addresses
for 1 N/W in Class B - 256*256 =65,536
CLASS C :- 192.168.3. to 192.168.255.255
Max IP-Addresses for 1 N/W in Class C – 256 =256
HOST ID
IP Addresses of the Host is called as Host ID
e.g. CLASS
A CLASS
B CLASS
C
10.0.0.1
172.168.10.1 192.168.10.1
NET ID
The network Address of the Host is called as Net ID
e.g. CLASS
A
CLASSB
CLASS C
10.0.0.0
172.168.0.0
192.168.0.0
DEFAULT GATEWAY
It is the IP-Addresses given in a network ,which enables all the client
computers to communicate with Router . The starting Address of any N/W should
be the gateway Address for that N/W.
EASY TABULATION
CLASS A
CLASSB
CLASS C
IP-ADDRESSES
1 to
126
128 to
191 192
to 223
HOST
ID
N.H.H.H
N.N.H.H
N.N.N.H
NET
ID
N.0.0.0
N.N.0.0
N.N.N.0
SUBNET MASK
255.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
Learn about Subnet Mask
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