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Internet Protocol Address (IP Address)

Internet Protocol Address (IP Address) Explained

           IP-ADDRESS is a logical address or software address which mentions the network & host in Hierarchical manner. It is a 32 bit address in 4 Octet Eight.

There are two types of IP Addresses

  • Public IP Address
  • Private IP Address

e.g.     1st Octet             2nd                   3rd                       4th

         11111111  .   11111111     .  11111111   .11111111     = 32 bit

            (eight)                  (eight)                     (8)             (eight)

                                    10          0  0  5

                                  Net ID     Host ID

CLASSES OF IP- ADDRESS

The classes of IP Addresses have 5 types of classes they are

CLASS                                          RANGE

A                                                1-126  ( 127- loopback address (or) Self Pinging Address)   To check the connectivity of LAN

B                                                128-191

C                                                192-223

D (Multicasting)                       224-239

E  ( Defense & Research)       240-255

Small concept: 1         1        1       1        1        1       1        1

                        128     64      32     16       8        4       2        1

e.g.  255    255        255

      -128     -64        -32

      127      191        223

ISP- INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER (PUBLIC ADDRESS FOR WAN)

 From ISP only we get IP-ADDRESS

PRIVATE IP – ADDRESS

CLASS A :- 10.0.0.0  to 10.0.0.255

            10.0.0.0 for 1 N/W Max IP-Addresses possible in Class A - 2536*256*256 = 1,67,77,216

CLASS B:-172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

[ Private N/W = 16] Max IP-Addresses for 1 N/W in Class B  - 256*256 =65,536

CLASS C :- 192.168.3. to 192.168.255.255

            Max IP-Addresses for 1 N/W  in Class C – 256 =256

HOST ID

             IP Addresses of the Host is called as Host ID

e.g.   CLASS A         CLASS B             CLASS C

            10.0.0.1       172.168.10.1          192.168.10.1

NET ID

            The network Address of the Host is called as Net ID

e.g. CLASS A        CLASSB               CLASS C

       10.0.0.0            172.168.0.0          192.168.0.0

DEFAULT GATEWAY

             It is the IP-Addresses given in a network ,which enables all the client computers to communicate with Router . The starting Address of any N/W should be the gateway Address for that N/W.




EASY TABULATION

                                       CLASS A             CLASSB             CLASS C

IP-ADDRESSES             1 to 126                   128 to 191             192 to 223

HOST ID                    N.H.H.H                  N.N.H.H                 N.N.N.H
NET ID                       N.0.0.0                     N.N.0.0                  N.N.N.0
SUBNET MASK        255.0.0.0                  255.255.0.0           255.255.255.0

Learn about Subnet Mask

  

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