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Layers of ISO Model

Layers of ISO Model

OSI layers it is a layered architecture, which defined the network standard given by the ISO and therefore OSI layers has standardized level of service & type of interaction for computer exchanging information through a communication network.

ISO: International Standard Organisation

IOS : International Organisation for Standardization

OSI: Open System Interconnects

However, the OSI models separates computer to computer communication into several protocol layer ‘s and the highest one is application layer & the lowest is Physical layer.

Advantages

  1. It divides the N/W communication process into smaller and simpler components, thus easy to design, develop & trouble shoot.
  2. It allows multiple vendors development through standards and therefore it allows different manufactures hardware & N/W components to communicate.
  3. Therefore it prevents changes in one layer, affecting the other layer.

ISO Layers

  1. APPLICATION         LAYER
  2. PRESENTATION     LAYER
  3. SESSION                  LAYER
  4. TRANSPORT            LAYER
  5. NETWORK              LAYER
  6. DATA LINK            LAYER
  7. PHYSICAL              LAYER

NOTE: Different Protocol used in all layers

1) Application Layer

The application layer is the 7th layer and it serves as an abstraction layer that specifies the shared communications protocols and interface methods used by hosts in a communications network and the application layer abstraction is used in both of the standard models of computer networking and the OSI model and this layer is responsible for file, folder, printing ,messaging data and other application services.

2) Presentation Layer

The presentation layer is the 6th layer and serves as the data translator for the network and It is also called the syntax layer and this layer is responsible for data translating and code formatting and therefore it provides coding & conversion function and the tasks like data compression, decompression , encryption , decryption , or associated with this layer and the code conversion are EBCDIC (EXTENDED BINARY CODE DECIMAL INTENDED CODE) and ASCII (AMERICAN STANDARD CODE FOR INFORMATION INTERCHANGE).

3) Session Layer

The Session Layer is the 5th layer and it provides the mechanism for opening, closing and managing a session between end-user application processes and this layer is responsible for setting up (or) start , managing & terminating the session therefore it co-ordinate communication between system and server to organize their communication.

4) Transport layer

The Transport layer is 4th layer and this layer is responsible for segmenting and unites them on to the data stream and therefore it provide end to end data services and can establish logical connection between the sending host & destination host and they provide reliable or unreliable delivery performs error correction before transmitting (It divides the segment).

5) Network Layer

The Network Layer is a 3rd layer and this layer is responsible for managing N/W devices (Router) and therefore it tracks the location of devices and determines the best path to develop the routing information table and the two types of packets are used they are Data and Root Update.

6) Data Link Layer

The Data Link Layer is the 2nd layer and this layer is the protocol layer that transfers data between nodes on a network segment across the physical layer and this layer is responsible for coding, addressing, transmitting information and framing and therefore it formats the massage into pieces called as a data frames and such as Switches & Bridges work in this layer.

7) Physical Layer

The Physical Layer is the 1st layer and this layer is responsible for sending & receiving the bits (0,1) and therefore it specifies electrical mechanical & functional requirements for activating maintaining physical links between systems and it interfaces DTE & DCE for communication and such as Modem, Hub, Repeater works in this layer.

Also Learn About OSI Layers Protocols

 

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